See praca on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "pracliwy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "pracowity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "pracujący"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "procowny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracowanie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "pracować"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "prôca"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "práca",
"word": "пра́ца"
},
{
"lang": "Slovincian",
"lang_code": "zlw-slv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "proca"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "praca"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "prôca"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "práca",
"word": "пра́ца"
},
{
"lang": "Slovincian",
"lang_code": "zlw-slv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "proca"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"Far Masovian",
"Mława"
],
"word": "prac"
},
{
"lang": "Samogitian",
"lang_code": "sgs",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "pruocė"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"word": "prŏca"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "práca",
"word": "пра́ца"
},
{
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rue",
"roman": "práca",
"word": "пра́ца"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "prácja",
"word": "пра́ця"
}
],
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "práca",
"word": "пра́ца"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*per-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/per-#Proto-Indo-European:_before"
],
[
"*-tós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"*portiti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/portiti"
],
[
"*-yeh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yeh₂"
],
[
"*-jāˀ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/-jāˀ"
],
[
"*-ja",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ja"
],
[
"*porťa",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/porťa#Proto-Slavic:_toil"
],
[
"prácě",
"prácě#Old_Czech"
],
[
"prácě",
"prácě#Old_Czech"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "zlw-ocs:prácě<ref:<span class=\"cited-source\">Boryś, Wiesław (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2005), “praca”, in <cite>Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego</cite> (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, <small>→ISBN</small></span></span>>",
"id": "work",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.?\nProto-Indo-European *-tósder.?\nProto-Slavic *portiti\nProto-Indo-European *-yeh₂\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-jāˀ\nProto-Slavic *-ja\nProto-Slavic *porťa\nOld Czech prácěbor.\nOld Polish praca\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"toil\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"before\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*per-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*portiti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yeh₂\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-jāˀ\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ja\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*porťa\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Czech\", \"term\" : \"prácě\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-ocs\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"praca\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" }\" data-id=\"work\" data-lang=\"zlw-opl\" data-title=\"praca\" id=\"Old_Polish:_work\">\nBorrowed from Old Czech prácě.",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 14th century",
"name": "etydate"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "['zlw-ocs:prácě<ref:', <TEMPLATE(['R:pl:Boryś']){} >, '>']",
"id": "work",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.?\nProto-Indo-European *-tósder.?\nProto-Slavic *portiti\nProto-Indo-European *-yeh₂\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-jāˀ\nProto-Slavic *-ja\nProto-Slavic *porťa\nOld Czech prácěbor.\nOld Polish praca\nBorrowed from Old Czech prácě.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.?\nProto-Indo-European *-tósder.?\nProto-Slavic *portiti\nProto-Indo-European *-yeh₂\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-jāˀ\nProto-Slavic *-ja\nProto-Slavic *porťa\nOld Czech prácěbor.\nOld Polish praca\nBorrowed from Old Czech prácě. First attested in the 14th century.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "praca f",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 4 11 4 4 13 8 8 15 9 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kielce Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 9 28 16 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 9 28 16 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 10 28 16 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
64,
70
]
],
"ref": "1874-1891 [15th century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXII, page 244:",
"text": "Niczss na tem swyeczye nye moze przicz przes myrzyaczky a przes pracze",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"manual labor, work"
],
"id": "en-praca-zlw-opl-noun-XGXnzziT",
"links": [
[
"manual labor",
"manual labor"
],
[
"work",
"work"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
57,
64
]
],
"ref": "1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 5:",
"text": "Energia, id est interior operacio siue labor... wnątrzna praczia (Prol)",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"action, act of doing"
],
"id": "en-praca-zlw-opl-noun-pTNwp68F",
"links": [
[
"action",
"action"
],
[
"do",
"do"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Silesia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 4 11 4 4 13 8 8 15 9 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kielce Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 9 28 16 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 9 28 16 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 7 44 12 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
29,
35
]
],
"ref": "1937 [End of the 15th century–beginning of the 16th century], Józef Birkenmajer, editor, Bogarodzica dziewica. Analiza tekstu, treści i formy, number E, Cieszyn:",
"text": "O duschy o grzeszney sam bog pracza yma",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"care (close attention; concern; responsibility)"
],
"id": "en-praca-zlw-opl-noun-licLywRV",
"links": [
[
"care",
"care"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Silesia",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Silesia) care (close attention; concern; responsibility)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "33 9 28 16 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 9 28 16 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
43,
49
]
],
"ref": "1895 [Fifteenth century], Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich. Kodeks Działyńskich I, Lesser Poland, page 10:",
"text": "Tedi tho gymyenye tych dvchownych na naszą pracza przypysvgemy (praedicta... bona... decrevimus nostro regno... applicanda)",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"power, authority; control"
],
"id": "en-praca-zlw-opl-noun-m1Cmbe7W",
"links": [
[
"power",
"power"
],
[
"authority",
"authority"
],
[
"control",
"control"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland) power, authority; control"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "33 9 28 16 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 9 28 16 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
37,
42
]
],
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Neh”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)^(transliteration, transcription), section 9,32:",
"text": "Nye odwraczay swego oblycza we wszey praci (omnem laborem), gesz nas poscygla",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nuisance, pain"
],
"id": "en-praca-zlw-opl-noun-z3l90x26",
"links": [
[
"nuisance",
"nuisance"
],
[
"pain",
"pain"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/praːt͡sʲa/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/prɒt͡sʲa/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "praca"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "pracochłonny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "pracooszczędny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"interjection"
],
"word": "cześć pracy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "bezpieczeństwo i higiena pracy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "praca klasowa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "praca organiczna"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "praca u podstaw"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "prace ręczne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracobierca"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracodawca"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracodawczyni"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracodawstwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracodniówka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracogodzina"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracoholiczka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracoholik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracoholizm"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracomiejsce"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "syzyfowa praca"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "świadectwo pracy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "Święto Pracy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "umowa o pracę"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "wypadek przy pracy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "zakład pracy chronionej"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "pracować"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 13 13 22 19 15",
"sense": "proverbs",
"word": "bez pracy nie ma kołaczy"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 13 13 22 19 15",
"sense": "proverbs",
"word": "jaka praca, taka płaca"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 13 13 22 19 15",
"sense": "proverbs",
"word": "oszczędnością i pracą ludzie się bogacą"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 13 13 22 19 15",
"sense": "proverbs",
"word": "żadna praca nie hańbi"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "prôca"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "práca",
"word": "пра́ца"
},
{
"lang": "Slovincian",
"lang_code": "zlw-slv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "proca"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*per-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/per-#Proto-Indo-European:_before"
],
[
"*-tós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"*portiti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/portiti"
],
[
"*-yeh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yeh₂"
],
[
"*-jāˀ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/-jāˀ"
],
[
"*-ja",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ja"
],
[
"*porťa",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/porťa#Proto-Slavic:_toil"
],
[
"prácě",
"prácě#Old_Czech"
],
[
"praca",
"praca#Old_Polish"
],
[
"praca",
"praca#Old_Polish"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-opl:praca",
"id": "work",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.?\nProto-Indo-European *-tósder.?\nProto-Slavic *portiti\nProto-Indo-European *-yeh₂\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-jāˀ\nProto-Slavic *-ja\nProto-Slavic *porťa\nOld Czech prácěbor.\nOld Polish praca\nPolish praca\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"toil\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"before\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*per-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*portiti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yeh₂\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-jāˀ\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ja\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*porťa\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Czech\", \"term\" : \"prácě\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-ocs\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"praca\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"praca\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-id=\"work\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"praca\" id=\"Polish:_work\">\nInherited from Old Polish praca.",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-opl:praca",
"id": "work",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.?\nProto-Indo-European *-tósder.?\nProto-Slavic *portiti\nProto-Indo-European *-yeh₂\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-jāˀ\nProto-Slavic *-ja\nProto-Slavic *porťa\nOld Czech prácěbor.\nOld Polish praca\nPolish praca\nInherited from Old Polish praca.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.?\nProto-Indo-European *-tósder.?\nProto-Slavic *portiti\nProto-Indo-European *-yeh₂\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-jāˀ\nProto-Slavic *-ja\nProto-Slavic *porťa\nOld Czech prácěbor.\nOld Polish praca\nPolish praca\nInherited from Old Polish praca.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "praca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "prace",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pracy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "prac",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pracy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pracom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pracę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "prace",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pracą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pracami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pracy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pracach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "praco",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "prace",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "prac",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "praca f",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pra‧ca"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pra‧ca"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "pracobierczy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "pracodawczy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "pracowity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "pracowniany"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "pracowniczy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "pracowny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "pracochłonnie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "pracowicie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracochłonność"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracowacz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracowalnia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracowisko"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracowitość"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracownia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracownica"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracownictwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracowniczka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracownik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracowność"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 4 11 4 4 13 8 8 15 9 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kielce Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 6 3 2 21 4 21 9 6 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 2 6 3 2 22 4 21 6 5 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 6 3 2 23 4 22 5 5 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 4 2 1 26 2 26 3 3 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 6 2 3 20 9 19 5 7 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 5 2 2 24 3 23 5 4 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 9 24 7 7 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 9 24 7 7 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 4 27 7 4 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 6 23 6 5 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 7 19 12 15 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 4 21 9 7 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 4 26 7 6 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"work (sustained effort to overcome obstacles and achieve a result)"
],
"id": "en-praca-pl-noun-E~d87Ozs",
"links": [
[
"work",
"work"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "robota"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
16,
21
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
11,
14
]
],
"english": "Get a real job.",
"text": "Znajdź normalną pracę.",
"translation": "Get a real job.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"job (economic role for which a person is paid)"
],
"id": "en-praca-pl-noun-O3e151Fe",
"links": [
[
"job",
"job"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "robota"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 2 6 3 2 21 4 21 9 6 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 2 6 3 2 22 4 21 6 5 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 6 3 2 23 4 22 5 5 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 4 2 1 26 2 26 3 3 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 6 2 3 20 9 19 5 7 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 5 2 2 24 3 23 5 4 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 9 24 7 7 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 9 24 7 7 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 4 27 7 4 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 6 23 6 5 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 7 19 12 15 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 4 21 9 7 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 4 26 7 6 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"work; job, workplace (place where one performs such activities)"
],
"id": "en-praca-pl-noun-CT6D7xf-",
"links": [
[
"work",
"work"
],
[
"job",
"job"
],
[
"workplace",
"workplace"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "robota"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 4 11 4 4 13 8 8 15 9 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kielce Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 7 19 12 15 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"work (product; the result of effort, particularly a literary, artistic, or intellectual production)"
],
"id": "en-praca-pl-noun-hk2Bfsc5",
"links": [
[
"work",
"work"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "robota"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "pl:Medicine",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "23 7 19 12 15 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"action; organ function"
],
"id": "en-praca-pl-noun-pG~OH~Hy",
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"action",
"action"
],
[
"organ",
"organ"
],
[
"function",
"function"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine) action; organ function"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Physics",
"orig": "pl:Physics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 6 3 2 21 4 21 9 6 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 2 6 3 2 22 4 21 6 5 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 6 3 2 23 4 22 5 5 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 4 2 1 26 2 26 3 3 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 6 2 3 20 9 19 5 7 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 5 2 2 24 3 23 5 4 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 9 24 7 7 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 9 24 7 7 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 4 27 7 4 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 6 23 6 5 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 7 19 12 15 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 4 21 9 7 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 4 26 7 6 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"work (measure of energy expended in moving an object)"
],
"id": "en-praca-pl-noun-1pBxQ8QZ",
"links": [
[
"physics",
"physics"
],
[
"work",
"work"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(physics) work (measure of energy expended in moving an object)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"physics"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpra.t͡sa/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈprɒ.t͡sa/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpra.t͡sa]",
"note": "Kielce"
},
{
"rhymes": "-at͡sa"
}
],
"word": "praca"
}
{
"categories": [
"Kielce Polish",
"Middle Polish",
"Old Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Old Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Old Polish entries with etymon",
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish feminine nouns",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish nouns",
"Old Polish terms borrowed from Old Czech",
"Old Polish terms derived from Old Czech",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *per- (before)",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "pracliwy"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "pracowity"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "pracujący"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "procowny"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracowanie"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "pracować"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "prôca"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "práca",
"word": "пра́ца"
},
{
"lang": "Slovincian",
"lang_code": "zlw-slv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "proca"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "praca"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "prôca"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "práca",
"word": "пра́ца"
},
{
"lang": "Slovincian",
"lang_code": "zlw-slv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "proca"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"Far Masovian",
"Mława"
],
"word": "prac"
},
{
"lang": "Samogitian",
"lang_code": "sgs",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "pruocė"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"word": "prŏca"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "práca",
"word": "пра́ца"
},
{
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rue",
"roman": "práca",
"word": "пра́ца"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "prácja",
"word": "пра́ця"
}
],
"lang": "Old Ruthenian",
"lang_code": "zle-ort",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "práca",
"word": "пра́ца"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*per-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/per-#Proto-Indo-European:_before"
],
[
"*-tós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"*portiti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/portiti"
],
[
"*-yeh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yeh₂"
],
[
"*-jāˀ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/-jāˀ"
],
[
"*-ja",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ja"
],
[
"*porťa",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/porťa#Proto-Slavic:_toil"
],
[
"prácě",
"prácě#Old_Czech"
],
[
"prácě",
"prácě#Old_Czech"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "zlw-ocs:prácě<ref:<span class=\"cited-source\">Boryś, Wiesław (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2005), “praca”, in <cite>Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego</cite> (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, <small>→ISBN</small></span></span>>",
"id": "work",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.?\nProto-Indo-European *-tósder.?\nProto-Slavic *portiti\nProto-Indo-European *-yeh₂\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-jāˀ\nProto-Slavic *-ja\nProto-Slavic *porťa\nOld Czech prácěbor.\nOld Polish praca\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"toil\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"before\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*per-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*portiti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yeh₂\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-jāˀ\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ja\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*porťa\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Czech\", \"term\" : \"prácě\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-ocs\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"praca\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" }\" data-id=\"work\" data-lang=\"zlw-opl\" data-title=\"praca\" id=\"Old_Polish:_work\">\nBorrowed from Old Czech prácě.",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 14th century",
"name": "etydate"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "['zlw-ocs:prácě<ref:', <TEMPLATE(['R:pl:Boryś']){} >, '>']",
"id": "work",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.?\nProto-Indo-European *-tósder.?\nProto-Slavic *portiti\nProto-Indo-European *-yeh₂\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-jāˀ\nProto-Slavic *-ja\nProto-Slavic *porťa\nOld Czech prácěbor.\nOld Polish praca\nBorrowed from Old Czech prácě.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.?\nProto-Indo-European *-tósder.?\nProto-Slavic *portiti\nProto-Indo-European *-yeh₂\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-jāˀ\nProto-Slavic *-ja\nProto-Slavic *porťa\nOld Czech prácěbor.\nOld Polish praca\nBorrowed from Old Czech prácě. First attested in the 14th century.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "praca f",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
64,
70
]
],
"ref": "1874-1891 [15th century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXII, page 244:",
"text": "Niczss na tem swyeczye nye moze przicz przes myrzyaczky a przes pracze",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"manual labor, work"
],
"links": [
[
"manual labor",
"manual labor"
],
[
"work",
"work"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
57,
64
]
],
"ref": "1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 5:",
"text": "Energia, id est interior operacio siue labor... wnątrzna praczia (Prol)",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"action, act of doing"
],
"links": [
[
"action",
"action"
],
[
"do",
"do"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"Silesia Old Polish"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
29,
35
]
],
"ref": "1937 [End of the 15th century–beginning of the 16th century], Józef Birkenmajer, editor, Bogarodzica dziewica. Analiza tekstu, treści i formy, number E, Cieszyn:",
"text": "O duschy o grzeszney sam bog pracza yma",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"care (close attention; concern; responsibility)"
],
"links": [
[
"care",
"care"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Silesia",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Silesia) care (close attention; concern; responsibility)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
43,
49
]
],
"ref": "1895 [Fifteenth century], Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich. Kodeks Działyńskich I, Lesser Poland, page 10:",
"text": "Tedi tho gymyenye tych dvchownych na naszą pracza przypysvgemy (praedicta... bona... decrevimus nostro regno... applicanda)",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"power, authority; control"
],
"links": [
[
"power",
"power"
],
[
"authority",
"authority"
],
[
"control",
"control"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland) power, authority; control"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
37,
42
]
],
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Neh”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)^(transliteration, transcription), section 9,32:",
"text": "Nye odwraczay swego oblycza we wszey praci (omnem laborem), gesz nas poscygla",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nuisance, pain"
],
"links": [
[
"nuisance",
"nuisance"
],
[
"pain",
"pain"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/praːt͡sʲa/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/prɒt͡sʲa/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "praca"
}
{
"categories": [
"Kielce Polish",
"Middle Polish",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish feminine nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms derived from Old Czech",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *per- (before)",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/at͡sa",
"Rhymes:Polish/at͡sa/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "pracochłonny"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "pracooszczędny"
},
{
"tags": [
"interjection"
],
"word": "cześć pracy"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "bezpieczeństwo i higiena pracy"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "praca klasowa"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "praca organiczna"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "praca u podstaw"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "prace ręczne"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracobierca"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracodawca"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracodawczyni"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracodawstwo"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracodniówka"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracogodzina"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracoholiczka"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracoholik"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracoholizm"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracomiejsce"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "syzyfowa praca"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "świadectwo pracy"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "Święto Pracy"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "umowa o pracę"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "wypadek przy pracy"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "zakład pracy chronionej"
},
{
"sense": "proverbs",
"word": "bez pracy nie ma kołaczy"
},
{
"sense": "proverbs",
"word": "jaka praca, taka płaca"
},
{
"sense": "proverbs",
"word": "oszczędnością i pracą ludzie się bogacą"
},
{
"sense": "proverbs",
"word": "żadna praca nie hańbi"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "pracować"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "prôca"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "práca",
"word": "пра́ца"
},
{
"lang": "Slovincian",
"lang_code": "zlw-slv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "proca"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*per-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/per-#Proto-Indo-European:_before"
],
[
"*-tós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"*portiti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/portiti"
],
[
"*-yeh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yeh₂"
],
[
"*-jāˀ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/-jāˀ"
],
[
"*-ja",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ja"
],
[
"*porťa",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/porťa#Proto-Slavic:_toil"
],
[
"prácě",
"prácě#Old_Czech"
],
[
"praca",
"praca#Old_Polish"
],
[
"praca",
"praca#Old_Polish"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-opl:praca",
"id": "work",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.?\nProto-Indo-European *-tósder.?\nProto-Slavic *portiti\nProto-Indo-European *-yeh₂\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-jāˀ\nProto-Slavic *-ja\nProto-Slavic *porťa\nOld Czech prácěbor.\nOld Polish praca\nPolish praca\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"toil\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"before\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*per-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*portiti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yeh₂\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-jāˀ\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ja\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*porťa\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Czech\", \"term\" : \"prácě\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-ocs\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"praca\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"praca\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-id=\"work\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"praca\" id=\"Polish:_work\">\nInherited from Old Polish praca.",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-opl:praca",
"id": "work",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.?\nProto-Indo-European *-tósder.?\nProto-Slavic *portiti\nProto-Indo-European *-yeh₂\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-jāˀ\nProto-Slavic *-ja\nProto-Slavic *porťa\nOld Czech prácěbor.\nOld Polish praca\nPolish praca\nInherited from Old Polish praca.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.?\nProto-Indo-European *-tósder.?\nProto-Slavic *portiti\nProto-Indo-European *-yeh₂\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-jāˀ\nProto-Slavic *-ja\nProto-Slavic *porťa\nOld Czech prácěbor.\nOld Polish praca\nPolish praca\nInherited from Old Polish praca.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "praca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "prace",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pracy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "prac",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pracy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pracom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pracę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "prace",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pracą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pracami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pracy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pracach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "praco",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "prace",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "prac",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "praca f",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pra‧ca"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pra‧ca"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "pracobierczy"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "pracodawczy"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "pracowity"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "pracowniany"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "pracowniczy"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "pracowny"
},
{
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "pracochłonnie"
},
{
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "pracowicie"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracochłonność"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracowacz"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracowalnia"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracowisko"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracowitość"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracownia"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracownica"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracownictwo"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracowniczka"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracownik"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pracowność"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"work (sustained effort to overcome obstacles and achieve a result)"
],
"links": [
[
"work",
"work"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "robota"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
16,
21
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
11,
14
]
],
"english": "Get a real job.",
"text": "Znajdź normalną pracę.",
"translation": "Get a real job.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"job (economic role for which a person is paid)"
],
"links": [
[
"job",
"job"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "robota"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"work; job, workplace (place where one performs such activities)"
],
"links": [
[
"work",
"work"
],
[
"job",
"job"
],
[
"workplace",
"workplace"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "robota"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"work (product; the result of effort, particularly a literary, artistic, or intellectual production)"
],
"links": [
[
"work",
"work"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "robota"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"pl:Medicine"
],
"glosses": [
"action; organ function"
],
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"action",
"action"
],
[
"organ",
"organ"
],
[
"function",
"function"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine) action; organ function"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"pl:Physics"
],
"glosses": [
"work (measure of energy expended in moving an object)"
],
"links": [
[
"physics",
"physics"
],
[
"work",
"work"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(physics) work (measure of energy expended in moving an object)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"physics"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpra.t͡sa/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈprɒ.t͡sa/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpra.t͡sa]",
"note": "Kielce"
},
{
"rhymes": "-at͡sa"
}
],
"word": "praca"
}
Download raw JSONL data for praca meaning in All languages combined (20.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (c1bb342 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.